Sonja Henie

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The world first saw the doll's appearance in the city of Paris during the 18th century while Louis XV was reining the land. The appeal and design of the dolls immediately caught the attention of the gay circle of the grand French society. On the other side, British printers and doll makers printed moral stories on the bodies of the dolls themselves. Now it is very clear that the dolls have been used for different purposes during the early times!

Early European paper dolls often depict famous actors and actresses of the early years, and they were primarily used during performances on toy stages. For those who love English literature, some are even using these paper dolls to enact Shakespeare plays and play Shakespearean characters. Paper dolls in America had its own humble beginnings because paper back then was considered a scarce or precious resource. It is because of this that little children, if ever they will have some paper dolls, will really treasure each one of them by putting them into boxes or the in-between pages of their books. But as years passed by, paper became less expensive and this bring forth the mass production of paper dolls made out of cheap cardboard boxes.

Many people in the past earned some money by coloring paper dolls manually. The reason behind this is that the technology of colored printing on paper dolls was not yet fully established. The fashion for paper dolls in the early days was also treated with utmost modesty. All paper dolls back then are fully clothed, and some were even depicted wearing multiple layers of clothes. However, as time passed by, clothing commercialization affected the way dolls will incorporate fashion to themselves. Many expensive materials such as silk and linen were then used as clothing to these paper dolls.

Paper dolls began achieving greater fame when they crept their way out into the pages of world-famous magazines. Among the popular early magazines that featured paper dolls were Ladies World, Woman's Home Companion, Pictorial Review, Ladies Home Journal, McCalls, Good Housekeeping and Delineator. The paper dolls shown on these magazines were really good that they are really sought by many doll collectors today.

Paper Dolls are also used to depict world famous Hollywood actors and actresses, which further boost their already widely accepted popularity. Among the famous celebrities that were featured as paper dolls were Tyrone Power, Betty Hutton, Greer Garson, Mary Martin, Sonja Henie, Judy Garland, Ava Gardner among others. These types of paper dolls are among the hardest to find and also one of the most sought types of paper dolls in the world today.

Anton Sunhome is a author at Dress up games a children's website focusing on safe online games for kids. He is also editor at Coloring Pages also a well known children website.

Figure Skate

Figure skates are a type of ice skate used by figure skaters. The skates consist of a boot and a blade that is attached with screws to the sole of the boot. Inexpensive sets for recreational skaters are available, but most figure skaters purchase boots and blades separately and have the blades mounted by a professional skate technician.

<a href="http://www.himfr.com/buy-wire_ribbon/">wire ribbon</a>Figure skating boots are traditionally made by hand from many layers of leather. The design of figure skating boots changed significantly during the 20th century. Old photographs of skaters such as Sonja Henie from the 1920's and 1930's show them wearing thin, supple boots reaching to mid-calf. Modern skating boots, on the other hand, are extremely rigid to support the foot and ankle in jumps, and are cut much lower -- just over ankle height -- to allow the foot to flex. Because the stiffness of the boots makes good fit essential, many skaters either order custom boots or have their boots "bumped out" over pressure points by a skate technician.

In recent years, boots made of synthetic materials with heat-moldable linings have become popular with many skaters because they combine strength with lighter weight than leather boots, and are easier to "break in". The latest development in boot technology is a boot that is hinged at the ankle to provide lateral support while allowing more flexibility. Boots used in ice dance are usually slightly lower in the back to allow for greater bend in the ankle. Some boots also come with a flexible elastic back.

The typical colors for boots are black for men and white or tan for women, although other colors are available.

Close-up of a figure skating blade, showing the toe picks, hollow grind on the bottom surface of the blade, and screw attachment to the boot.

Figure skates differ most visibly from hockey skates in having a set of large, jagged teeth called toe picks (also known as toe rakes) on the front of the blade. The toe picks are used primarily in jumping and footwork, and should not be used for stroking or spins. Toe pick designs have become quite elaborate and sometimes include teeth on the sides of the blade.

The skate blades are typically made of tempered steel, coated with a high-quality chrome. Lightweight alloy blades are becoming more popular with high-level skaters. Blades are about 3/16 inch (4 mm) thick and may have a slightly tapered cross-section.

When viewed from the side, the blade of a figure skate is not flat, but curved slightly, forming an arc of a circle with a radius of 180-220 cm. The "sweet spot" of the blade is below the ball of the foot. [1] This spot is usually located near the stanchion of the blade, and is the part of the blade where all spins are spun on.

The blade is also hollow ground; a groove on the bottom of the blade creates two distinct edges, inside and outside. The inside edge of the blade is on the side closest to the skater; the outside edge of the blade is on the side farthest from the skater. In figure skating it is always desirable to skate on only one edge of the blade, never on both at the same time (which is referred to as a flat). The apparently effortless power and glide across the ice exhibited by elite figure skaters fundamentally derives from efficient use of the edges to generate speed.

Ice dancers' blades are about an inch shorter in the rear than those used by skaters in other disciplines, to accommodate the intricate footwork and close partnering in dance. They also possess a smaller pick near the bottom to allow for better edge-work and less focus on jumping.

Various specialty blade types exist, including:

Tapered figure skating blades have a design which causes them to be thicker at the front near the toepicks and thinner at the tail of the blade; therefore, the edges are not parallel.

Side honed figure skating blades have a concave design which causes them to be thicker at the stanchions and the edge stripe and thinner in between. They are easily recognizable because they cause reflections to be inverted.

Parabolic figure skating blades were first introduced by HD Sports in order to employ new scientific developments in the creation of figure skating blades. The middle section of parabolic blades is thinner than that of normal blades, while both ends are typically wider than those of regular blades. [2] This translates into less steel and a lighter blade overall. Their design is meant to improve skaters' blade stability, footwork, and edges.

Ice skates have a history dating back thousands of years. Specific figure skates were created in response to the rise of figure skating's popularity in the 19th century, coinciding with the beginnings of formalized competitions such as the World Figure Skating Championships.

About the Author

Himfr is a scholar, focusing his research on Chinese cultures. If you are interested in purchasing China goods, please visit www.himfr.com

Interview or Newspaper article on Sonja Henie?

I have to do an annotated bib for history class on stuff about the famous figure skater Sonja Henie. All I need is a newspaper article or interview or something on her thats not an online article. It can be online though if that makes sense. PLease help me find one! im having a hard time. Thanks so much!

She was in the Olympics in the early 1930s so you might check those archives. She was Norwegian but during the war did not help Norway at all and stayed in Hollywood. She also made several movies playing the part of a figure skater in the 1930s and 1940s. There is a museum dedicated to her in Oslo, Norway.

Last of his type?
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